Last update of this page: February 26, 2025, 3:06 pm ET
The Student Spaceflight Experiments Program is proud to report that there were a total of 1,178 proposals submitted from student teams across the 20 communities participating in Mission 19 to ISS. Of those, 397 proposals were forwarded for review by Step 1 Review Boards in each of the communities. Each Step 1 Review Board selected up to three finalist proposals, which were submitted to the National SSEP Step 2 Review Board.
On December 3 and 4, 2024 the Step 2 Review Board met via Zoom, reviewed the 60 finalist proposals, and selected one proposed experiment to fly for 19 communities and two proposed experiments for one communities, for a total of 21 flight experiments. By December 20, 2024, the National Center for Earth and Space Science Education and the Arthur C. Clarke Institute for Space Education formally notified each community of their selected flight experiments.
It is noteworthy that the 1.178 proposals received reflected a total of 7,288 grade 5-16 students fully engaged in experiment design.
All 60 finalist experiment teams, along with descriptions of their proposed flight experiments, are provided below. You are also invited to meet the SSEP Step 2 Review Board members for Mission 19 to ISS.
Congratulations to the over 7,288 students and their teachers participating in Student Spaceflight Experiments Program Mission 19 to the International Space Station.
Quickly Scroll to Individual Communities
- São Paulo, Brazil / Lisbon and Porto, Portugal
- Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Guelph, Ontario, Canada
- Ukraine
- Mesa, Arizona
- Colusa, California
- Glendora, California
- Colorado Springs, Colorado
- Hillsborough County, Florida
- Pittsfield, Massachusetts
- Albany, New York
- Long Beach, New York
- Athens, Ohio
- Pickerington, Ohio
- Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania – CCAC
- Plano, Texas
- San Antonio, Texas
- Texarkana, Texas
- Waxahachie, Texas
- iForward-Grantsburg, Wisconsin
1. São Paulo, Brazil / Lisbon and Porto, Portugal
Jump to Brazil/Portugal’s Community Profile
SELECTED FOR FLIGHT:
The Effect of Microgravity on the Osteogenic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Secretome
Grades 11-12, Escola Básica e Secundária Carolina Michaëlis, Porto, Portugal
Co-Principal Investigators: Ana Beatriz Oliveira Gomes, João Paulo Machado Ribeiro, Laura Coimbra Cesário, Maria Rita Valongo Pinto, Mariana De Almeida Pinheiro, Rafael Silva
Teacher Facilitator: Elsa Alves
The CarMic team from the Carolina Michaelis Basic and Secondary School, located in Porto, Portugal, is studying the solubility of some substances and determining the pH of their aqueous solutions.
Proposal Summary:
Due to prolonged exposure to microgravity, astronauts suffer from health issues. Among these problems are muscle atrophy and bone density loss (1 to 2% per month, which results in approximately 20% per year), due to the reduced effort required for movement. Skeletal deconditioning, characterized by a significant reduction in bone density, increases the risk of fractures and osteoporosis, threatening the viability of long-duration missions and the astronaut’s mobility upon returning to Earth. The secretome, a collection of molecules, including proteins, secreted by stem cells, plays a communicative role in the differentiation of precursor cells into osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Thus, the secretome contributes to the formation and resorption of bones carried out by osteoblasts and osteoclasts, respectively. In this experiment we intend to see if microgravity affects the osteogenic potential using secretome extracted from of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from the periosteum of the palate.
HONORABLE MENTION FINALISTS:
Adsorption of Bioactive Factors on Hydroxyapatite
Grade 10, Instituto Alpha Lumen, São José dos Campos, SP – Brazil
Co-Principal Investigators: Cauã Henrique de Souza Santos, Pedro Franklin Andrade de Toledo
Investigators: Camila Julia Cardoso Mendes de Campos, Pedro Daniel Zanin Cecilio
Collaborator: Anna Sophia Alves Fernandes
Teacher Facilitator: Juliana Alves Pires Biscuola
Proposal Summary:
Microgravity negatively affects astronauts’ bone density, resulting in a monthly loss of 1% to 2% of bone mineral density due to the lack of mechanical stimuli. This process makes it essential to develop solutions that preserve bone health during long-duration space missions. As a preventive measure, biomaterials such as hydroxyapatite (HA) show promise for bone regeneration. HA, with a structure similar to human bone, is biocompatible, osteoconductive, and has a high adsorption capacity, facilitating cellular integration. Studies indicate that in larger bone reconstructions, HA is even more effective when combined with growth factors and stem cells, particularly the secretome of mesenchymal stem cells, which promotes bone formation. Investigating the interaction between this biomaterial and secretome proteins in microgravity is essential for developing technologies that preserve astronauts’ bone health on long-term missions, while also offering new possibilities for osteoporosis treatments on Earth.
How does Microgravity Interfere with the Antifibrotic Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Secretome when Treating Cells with Hepatic Fibrosis?
Grades 11-12, Escola Divina Providência
Co-Principal Investigators: Clara Vintém Moleiro, Gabriela Fernandes Takakura, Isadora Souza Lima Zanni, Luísa Guimarães Moehlecke, Lorena Paoli Bispo, Miguel Guimarães de Almeida
Teacher Facilitator: Aline Mendes Geraldi
Proposal Summary:
First and foremost, the theme of the proposed experiment is to comprehend whethermicrogravity impacts the antifibrotic bioactivity of the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) secretome,which can be relevant for treatments in these conditions. Some tests with MSC secretome inmicrogravity have been done before and have shown promising results, that will be explained later in section IV. Nevertheless, studies related to the antifibrotic effect in these conditions have never been tested. The secretome of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have demonstrated antifibrotic potential in experiments in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, after the return of the samples to Earth, tests (such as inducing a hepatic cell culture with hepatic fibrosis directly to the reconstituted secretome and Immunofluorescence assays) will be done and compared to the control sample to determine the results. Understanding how this property is affected is essential for the application of regenerative medicine techniques in long, deep space exploration missions, especially regarding the treatment of hepatic fibrosis, a disease which could be devastating for the nominal operation of the human liver. Thus, considering that organ transplants are, at the moment, unfeasible in space – and on Earth, the waiting lines for transplants are endless -, the result of this experiment, associated with treatments already used, such as the adoption of healthy habits and the use of anti-inflammatory drugs, especially in initial stages of the illness, could revolutionize medical aid, wherever it is needed.
2. Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
Jump to Edmonton’s Community Profile
SELECTED FOR FLIGHT:
Will Soybeans Germinate in Space?
Grade 8, Michael Strembitsky School, Edmonton Public Schools
Co-Principal Investigators: Nash Fleming, Malakai Hall, Fielding Hoffmeier, Moumen Khellaf
Investigators: Declan Hansen, Oliver Miedreich, Ethan Pierson
Collaborator: Ivan Rasiak
Teacher Facilitator: Julie Arsenault
The flight team from Michael Strembitsky School investigating the germination and growth of soybeans in microgravity.
Proposal Summary:
The proposed investigation examines the growth of soybeans, Glycine max, specifically the lengths of their roots and stems, when grown on Earth compared to those grown in microgravity. The investigation will consist of a ground control FME tube and an FME tube sent to space. They will both be grown and measured simultaneously, with the hope that the soybeans in space will exhibit comparable or greater growth in root and stem length than those grown on Earth. If the soybean can successfully sprout in space, it will allow the production of plant-based products in space, which will support long-term human missions, contribute to sustainable life support systems, and provide fresh food sources for astronauts. The successful growth of soybeans in microgravity could lead to advancements in space agriculture, enhancing food security during extended space exploration and potentially enabling the development of regenerative life support systems. Additionally, it could open avenues for research into plant biology under different gravitational conditions, further expanding our understanding of plant growth and adaptation.
HONORABLE MENTION FINALISTS:
The Investigation of Steatoda Grossa Spider Silk that is Produced in Microgravity
Grade 8, John D. Bracco School, Edmonton Public Schools
Principal Investigator: Rayn Bundus
Investigators: Karter Grewal, Thaine Mudryk, Rowan Lewis
Collaborator: Malik Dawood
Teacher Facilitator: Patricia Richards
Proposal Summary:
This proposal is designed to investigate the strength and elasticity of a False Black Widow’(Steatoda grossa) silk in microgravity. The versatility and usefulness of the black widow’s silk has been examined and tested within earth’s gravitational atmosphere. It has been tested and compared with many different materials for its strength and usefulness. Our investigation aims to examine the strength and elasticity of the False widow’s web, and how this can be maintained or enhanced within an environment of microgravity. This experiment is important because of the usefulness and variable applications that can be harnessed from the spider’s webs. These applications may be used for, but are not limited to: gauze pads for use with wounds, cuts, and infections, to make strings for musical instruments and optical fiber cables. It may also serve as a mending material for rips in astronaut suits so they can continue doing research without having to return to earth for repairs on their suit. This investigation predicts that a silk that has been made suited to operate in a microgravity environment will be structurally thicker, stronger and more elastic.
What is the Effect of Microgravity on the Bacillus Bacteria in Garden Soil?
Grade 8, Mckernan School, Edmonton Public Schools
Co-Principal Investigators: Alma Tilgmann, Berlin West, Hazel Estabrooks
Teacher Facilitators: Nicole Reeves, Edith Arel
Proposal Summary:
This investigation will be inspecting the effect of microgravity on the bacillus in soil. Healthy bacteria in soil is the reason food scraps and materials are able to decompose. If the bacteria in soil is affected by the microgravity in space, then the environment for the decomposition process will have to be changed, in order for the material to decompose. Healthy bacteria in soil can also be used in other steps of plant growth, and if the bacteria is able to survive in space, this information would be helpful to eventually create plant growth for astronauts while on their missions. The investigators are using all natural paper made from feces as an indicator. This experiment would give scientists another point of view on how microgravity could impact the decomposition of food scraps and other organic matter. The investigators believe that finding out how the bacteria in soil reacts to living in microgravity will be essential to the future of space exploration and eventually life in space. Being able to tell if the bacteria and the soil matter are affected by microgravity would allow food to be not only grown in space, but decompose too, making healthier soil for plant growth. This experiment could allow a full decomposition cycle to be present outside of Earth. The investigators believe this would help the future in ways such as eliminating waste from the international space station and also allowing food scraps to help improve the quality of life for space explorers.
3. Guelph, Ontario, Canada
Jump to Guelph’s Community Profile
SELECTED FOR FLIGHT:
Brine Shrimps Reaction to Purple Sulfur Bacteria
Grade 8, Rickson Ridge Public School, Upper Grand District School Board
Co-Principal Investigators: Eman, Joseph, Samara
Teacher Facilitator: Mike Kumbhani
Testing to get salt levels just right to ensure brine shrimp survival.
Proposal Summary:
The experiment will focus on whether or not the growth of the dormant brine shrimp eggs will speed up when it is met with 2.3 ml of saltwater that is mixed with 0.5 ml of purple sulfur bacteria while being in microgravity. The reason for the choice to test brine shrimp is because they have high nutritional value and are small enough to fit into the container that can easily be transported to space. Food is a necessity that no human can live without, and though brine shrimp is not commonly a part of the human diet, it is excellent to feed other things that may be a part of our diet like flamingos, birds, fish and other crustaceans. This will then improve our diets as well as the whole ecosystem as brine shrimp play a big part in how sea life expands. The experiment will begin with the dormant egg being released into the salt water, and then over the last few days, a 37% formalin and salt water solution will be mixed in with the salt water and the brine shrimp will stop its growth. After that, when the experiment is sent back to Earth it would be easier to see the effects of microgravity and if it had affected the growth of it differently. Finally, it would be compared to the experiment that was conducted on Earth.
HONORABLE MENTION FINALISTS:
Does a Nail Exposed to Water and Road Salt Rust Differently in a Microgravity Environment?
Grades 7-8, Centre Peel Public School, Upper Grand District School Board
Co-Principal Investigators: Anna Bergen, Chloe Martin, Frank Schmitt, Isaac Wall
Teacher Facilitator: Anthony Bowman
Proposal Summary:
The question the team is testing is, “Does a nail exposed to water and road salt rust differently in a microgravity environment?” This question is important because the team is experimenting with what is all needed for metal to rust. Will space have the resources needed to rust a nail living in a microgravity environment for a certain period of time? In volume one, road salt, mixed with water will be poured. We chose road salt since it is the main cause of rust on vehicles. In volume two, one nail will be placed. This nail will not be exposed to moisture before entering volume 2. Volume three will contain a rust inhibitor. On day one the astronauts will initiate the interactions between volume 1 and volume 2 by unclamping clamp A and gently shaking for exactly 10 seconds. On day U-5 (Five days before the FME is undocked, clamp B will be opened so the rust inhibitor is released.) Shake for ten seconds to mix them together to stop the nail from rusting more. Once back from space, we will compare the weight of the nail from space, to the one we did here on earth. The nail we are testing here on earth will be the same, road salt and water in volume 1, the nail in volume 2, and rust inhibitor in volume 3. This nail will not be exposed to moisture before entering volume 2.
Will a Watermelon Germinate Differently in Space?
Grades 7-8, Centre Peel Public School, Upper Grand District School Board
Co-Principal Investigators: David Boese, Lamar Brubacher, Poncho Wall, Peter Wall
Teacher Facilitator: Anthony Bowman
Proposal Summary:
The investigation will see if watermelons will germinate differently on earth and in space. Watermelon seeds need water and soil to grow. In the mini lab, volume one will hold soil and the watermelon seed, volume two will hold water, and formalin will be in volume three . When the astronauts are in space, the astronauts will unclamp and gently shake the mini lab for ten seconds. This investigation will show if watermelon can germinate in a microgravity environment. A watermelon was chosen for this experiment because it has many health benefits. It helps people stay hydrated, reducing cancer risk, and heart health, It can also help with weight management and contains essential nutrients. A watermelon is a unique plant to grow because of how it grows on a vine.
4. Ukraine
Jump to Ukraine’s Community Profile
SELECTED FOR FLIGHT:
Polyurethanes from Renewable Raw Materials for Insulation in Aerospace
Grades 9-10, Skole Secondary Educational Service School
Principal Investigator: Maria Poyasnik
Investigator: Khrystyna Yareminets
Teacher Facilitator: Larysa Romanyshyn
Young researchers are working on the experiment.
Proposal Summary:
The research is aimed at developing innovative polyurethane (PU) materials that are promising for various applications in the space industry. These materials will be produced from eco-friendly raw materials sourced from renewable resources, making them more environmentally friendly compared to traditional polyurethanes. The simplicity of the synthesis method ensures that these materials can be easily integrated into the preparation processes for space missions, simplifying their production and ensuring compliance with the requirements of space conditions. One of the key advantages of these polyurethane materials is their ability to adapt to the specific conditions of the International Space Station (ISS) by modifying the ratios of components and adding other substances. This allows for the creation of polyurethanes with diverse physical-mechanical properties, including high insulation capabilities essential for effective protection against extreme temperature fluctuations in space. Materials based on castor oil, polyethylene glycol, and (S)-ethyl 2,6-diisocyanatohexanoate demonstrate significant potential for use as thermal insulation materials that can maintain a stable temperature and protect equipment in orbit. The primary focus of the research is to study the impact of microgravity on the structure and physical-mechanical properties of polyurethanes. This area will contribute to the advancement of microgravity materials science, helping to understand how polymers behave in space and optimize them for future missions. The study also emphasizes the importance of creating effective insulation materials that can withstand loads and maintain thermal insulation properties under challenging space conditions.
Investigation of the Effect of Microgravity on Germination of Legume Plants
Grade 9, Taras Shevchenko Lyceum of Kropyvnytskyi City Council
Principal Investigator: Skliarevska Daria
Investigator: Ponomariova Kateryna
Teacher Facilitator: Liudmyla Yankova
Young researchers are working on the experiment.
Proposal Summary:
The experiment aims to study the impact of microgravity on the germination of Black turtle bean seed (Phaseolus vulgaris, family Fabaceae) on the International Space Station (ISS). Growing beans on board the space station is a promising direction that can provide astronauts with a microelement- and protein-rich food product during long missions. Black turtle beans have a meaty texture, high nutritional and proteins value, making them ideal candidates for space research. Another advantage of black turtle seed as an experimental subject is that its fruits are in the upper third are a source of zinc, and they provide about the same amount of zinc (about 2 milligrams) as 4 ounces of turkey or shrimp. Improved fat metabolism is another health benefit astronauts are likely to gain by including black beans in their space diet. The experimental conditions justify the choice of nutrient medium, namely Murashige & skoog medium including vitamins, which ensures proper metabolism and growth of their root system and shoots in microgravity conditions. The experiment’s results are expected to contribute to understanding plant adaptation to space conditions and growth direction.
HONORABLE MENTION FINALISTS:
The Influence of Microgravity on the Development of Dill
Grade 9, Starokostiantynivsk Secondary School
Co-Principal Investigators: Anastasia Lviv, Andrii Petin
Investigators: Yaroslav Solyar, Nazar Bachynskiy
Collaborator: Yehor Balaba
Teacher Facilitator: Olha Prostapiuk
Proposal Summary:
This experiment is aimed at researching the growth and development of dill in microgravity conditions, as well as the adaptation of the plant to the specific conditions of space. In particular, the research is aimed at studying morphological and physiological changes in plants, as well as the effectiveness of existing technologies used for cultivation on the International Space Station. It is known that this plant is rich in mineral salts, calcium, iron, phosphorus and contains provitamins A, vitamins D, E, B1, B2, B6, B12, C, as well as other active compounds, flavonoids, essential oils. It is recommended to use it as a medicine against colic, bloating, digestive problems (including severe indigestion). Dill stimulates the work of the liver and kidneys, reduces persistent cough, fights insomnia, eliminates bad breath, and others. In cooking, greens and seeds are used as an aromatic seasoning, adding to meat, fish, vegetables, salads and marinades, and in the flowering state – when salting and pickling vegetables.
The Impact of Microgravity on Microgreen Seed Germination
Grade 9, Scientific Lyceum of the Communal Institution of Higher Education
Principal Investigator: Skliarevska Daria
Investigator: Ponomariova Kateryna
Teacher Facilitators: Tetiana Tumanian, Vladyslav Yemelianchenko
Proposal Summary:
The experiment aims to study the impact of microgravity on the germination of Coral radish seeds (microgreens) on the International Space Station (ISS). Growing microgreens on board the space station is a promising direction that can provide astronauts with a microelement-rich food product during long missions. Microgreens, particularly radishes, have a short growth cycle and high nutritional value, making them ideal candidates for space research. Another advantage of radish seeds as an experimental object is that their sprouts normalize digestion, positively affect metabolic processes in the body, lower cholesterol levels, counteract the occurrence of vascular atherosclerosis, and stabilize blood sugar levels. The conditions of the experiment justify the choice of substrate base for growing microgreens, specifically agrowool, which is a natural material that provides proper moisture retention and stability for root system growth in microgravity conditions. The experiment’s results are expected to contribute to understanding plant adaptation to space conditions and growth direction.
The Effect of Microgravity on Astaxanthin Synthesis in Haematococcus pluvialis Cells
Grades 7-8, “Shchaslyve Lyceum” Basic Educational Institution of Boryspil’ district, Kyiv region
Principal Investigator: Pokozats’ka Maryana Vyacheslavivna
Investigators: Gonchar Dmytro, Petrenko Anastasia
Teacher Facilitator: Dudenko Lyudmyla
Proposal Summary:
Haematococcus pluvialis is a freshwater species of green algae family. It is used as a producer of astaxanthin. These days, the movement around this carotenoid has been getting traction due to scientists actively exploring its properties in the medical and food industries. Haematococcus pluvialis can synthesize and accumulate astaxanthin to resist oxidative damage to algae cells by reactive oxygen species. The investigation will help understand the effects of microgravity on the formation of astaxanthin in Haematococcus pluvialis cells. This red pigment has powerful antioxidant activity which is several times stronger than any other carotenoid. Astaxanthin can help prevent oxidative damage that causes premature aging, insulin resistance, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Antioxidant properties can help protect astronauts from high levels of radiation on a spacecraft, protect their immune cells from damage, and enhance immune system function. The microgravity and lighting conditions on the ISS differ from the control conditions. Therefore, they will impose additional stress on Haematococcus pluvialis cells, which may provide a further stimulus for astaxanthin production.
Colonization of the Planet Mars Using Algal Biomass
Grades 10-11, Dnipropetrovs’k branch of the JAS
Co-Principal Investigators: Lazurska Viktoriia Dmytrivna, Lomakina Alisa Oleksandrivna
Investigators: Kukoba Alisa Antonivna, Vdovenko Illia Evgenovich
Collaborator: Savenko Vadym Anatoliiovych
Teacher Facilitator: Yurii Kyforuk
Proposal Summary:
This proposal aims to investigate the possibilities of cultivating algae in space conditions. During long-duration space missions, algae can be a source of food, oxygen, and water. It is planned to investigate the effect of microgravity on Сhlorella pyrenoidosa, Nostoc linckia and Porphyra haitanensis biomass, which will be grown on a nutrient medium
5. Mesa, Arizona
Jump to Mesa’s Community Profile
SELECTED FOR FLIGHT:
Microgravity’s Impact on In Vitro Tau Protein Aggregation
Grades 10 and 12, Red Mountain High School, Mesa Public Schools
Co-Principal Investigators: Kearan Gibbs, Avery Hamilton, Sereniti Johnson, Alexis Kelley, Elizabeth Miller
Collaborators: Will Bycott, Tamia Brooks, Dahlia Casillas, Autumn Feilen, Martin Medrano, Ariadne Urquiza Gardea
Teacher Facilitator: Nicole Gomez
Our lead science team started the process needed to complete this year’s SSEP Mission.
Proposal Summary:
As of 2021, Alzheimer’s Disease and other neurodegenerative diseases affect 6 million people in the United States alone, and 3 billion people globally. This number is predicted to double by 2050. The neurodegeneration that occurs in these diseases is in-part related to the formation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) caused by tau protein polymerization. Analyzing how microgravity affects tau protein aggregation will not only bring awareness to any health risks astronauts may encounter as a result of their exposure to microgravity, but it could also inform us of newfound characteristics of tau and aid in the development of treatments for both astronauts and the general population. A preliminary test will first be conducted to determine which tau-411 P301L mutant (either phosphorylated or unphosphorylated) will produce the most morphologically accurate aggregations when induced with heparin. The chosen protein will then be prepared in two experiments: one experiment will be introduced to microgravity and one will act as a control on Earth and continue to be exposed to gravity. There will be another ground experiment using this same protein (tau-441 either phosphorylated or non-phosphorylated) but without the
mutation. Analysis of any potential discrepant effects that the mutant may have on the aggregation will help eliminate experimental uncertainty. Upon return to earth, all experiments will be analyzed with negative stain electron microscopy. This will allow the aggregation structures to be compared. Through this analysis, insights may be gained to advance medical understandings of the characteristics of neurodegenerative diseases and how to combat them.
HONORABLE MENTION FINALISTS:
Human Skin Cell Morphology Changes and P-53 Protein Mutation in Microgravity
Grade 11, Red Mountain High School, Mesa Public Schools
Co-Principal Investigators: Piper Timmons, Makaela Lemke
Investigators: Catherine Travis, Sophia Birkholz, Madison Killion
Collaborators: Jay Flood, Lauren Holmes, Evan Jennings, Jaxon Lyman, Evan Nau, Luke Romney, John Stowers
Teacher Facilitator: Nicole Gomez
Proposal Summary:
The investigation will uncover the morphology and protein mutations that human skin cells could be subjected to in microgravity. Within any cell, there are numerous proteins that each have their own duty. When a protein is mutated it can no longer function in the way it was intended to, debilitating the cell it was a part of. P-53, the tumor suppressor of the cell, when mutated increases the risk of tumors to develop. This investigation focuses on just that if the tumor-suppressing protein is mutated by microgravity. Knowing that radiation is a carcinogen. The morphology of the skin cells after being in microgravity during the flight was also examined. To preface morphology is a cell’s: arrangement, shape, and size. Just like with a protein if a cell’s morphology changes its role is inhibited. Differentiating cells from one another, as well as their structure and function. The skin cells of a human have many different functions, though important to this study they are the body’s protective barrier. If the skin cells do not function properly they cannot protect the body from: temperature, chemicals, microorganisms, dehydration, mechanical damage, and ultraviolet light. If the morphology is changed in microgravity and the P-53 protein is mutated then how does it affect an astronaut when coming back to Earth? Investigating the microbiology of skin cells can provide insight into why 10-fold of astronauts are likely to develop skin cancer compared to people who were never exposed to microgravity.
Neurogenesis and Synaptogenesis in Microgravity
Grade 10, Red Mountain High School, Mesa Public Schools
Co-Principal Investigators: Leah Higgins, Grace Fox
Collaborators: Lorenzo Bayvaee, Owen Brown, Grace Bycott, Charlotte Hope
Teacher Facilitator: Nicole Gomez
Proposal Summary:
The investigation will question if synaptamides will connect to the Guanine Protein Receptor 110 (GPR110) in microgravity. Once landed, the experiment will be analyzed to see if microgravity will increase or decrease the amount of receptor connections. Thus,
the investigation will help to gain more information on how neurogenesis and synaptogenesis will be conducted in space.
6. Colusa, California
Jump to Colusa’s Community Profile
SELECTED FOR FLIGHT:
Bioremediation in Microgravity: Harnessing Oil-Eating Bacteria for Environmental Restoration
Grade 11, Colusa High School, Colusa Unified School District
Co-Principal Investigators: Alaina Torres, Caeden Agnew, Madison Burtleson, Sophia Thompson
Teacher Facilitator: Benjamin Haney
Students practicing micropipetting mineral oil into bacteria samples.
Proposal Summary:
The proposed investigation will examine the effectiveness of oil-eating bacteria in microgravity, focusing on their potential applications in addressing oil spills in Ecuador due to oil production, which is located on the equator. To determine if the Bacteria Bacillus subtilis is eating the oil in microgravity, a gas chromatography will be used to show the before-and-after results of the chemical compounds conditions reaction to the microgravity. By utilizing mineral oils as a substitute for crude oil, this experiment aims to simulate the crude oil spills in Ecuador and conditions while exploring the bacteria’s growth and degradation capabilities in a controlled environment. The research seeks to provide valuable insights into the behavior of these microorganisms, which are crucial for biological restoration efforts. Understanding how oileating bacteria function in space may lead to advancements in environmentally friendly cleanup technologies on Earth’s equator where there is seen to have less gravity, offering natural solutions to soil pollution challenges on the equator. The outcomes of this experiment have the potential to significantly benefit the environment by contributing to the development of sustainable methods for restoring ecosystems impacted by oil spills. By demonstrating the efficacy of these bacteria in degrading hydrocarbons, the study aims to foster a cleaner and safer Earth. This investigation addresses critical environmental challenges while enhancing our understanding of microbial life in unique settings. The findings could inform future biological restoration strategies and contribute to maintaining ecological balance in both terrestrial and extraterrestrial contexts. Ultimately, this research represents a proactive approach to environmental stewardship and the promotion of a healthier planet.
HONORABLE MENTION FINALISTS:
Effects of Purple Non-Sulfur Bacteria on the Development of Brine Shrimp in Space Microgravity
Grade 11, Colusa High School, Colusa Unified School District
Co-Principal Investigators: Emma Fernandez, Madison Wolf, Monserat Miramontes
Teacher Facilitator: Benjamin Haney
Proposal Summary:
This experiment aims to investigate the effects of Purple Non-Sulfur Bacteria (PNSB) on the development of brine shrimp in space microgravity, since PNSB are able to recycle nutrients such as carotenoids and vitamins. To conduct this experiment, we will be using a Fluid Mixing Enclosure which consists of 3 compartments.” In compartment 1 there will be inactive dry brine shrimp eggs, in compartment 2 there will be a static mixed culture of PNSB , and in compartment 3 there will be the fixative, neutral buffered formalin. We hypothesize that microgravity will allow for higher levels of brine shrimp growth, since the literature indicates microgravity promoting increased metabolism in Purple Non-Sulfur Bacteria (11). Calibrated slides will be used to determine an average brine shrimp size which will then be graphed against PNSB amount. Brine shrimp growth in microgravity on the International Space Station (ISS) will be compared to the control group on Earth. This experiment will advance our knowledge of metabolism in space by providing valuable insights into nutrient cycling and organismal development in the space environment.
Effectiveness of Sunflower Lecithin as an Emulsifier in Microgravity
Grade 11, Colusa High School, Colusa Unified School District
Principal Investigator: Myley Hammock
Investigators: Angelique Pantoja Reyes, Ivon Hernandez, Sofya Lara
Teacher Facilitator: Benjamin Haney
Proposal Summary:
The investigation will evaluate the effectiveness of sunflower lecithin as an emulsifier in a microgravity environment. The hypothesis for this experiment is that sunflower lecithin will produce a more homogeneous solution in microgravity due to a lack of gravity’s influence on the separation of the solution. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) will be used to analyze the stability of the solution by measuring Brownian motion via particle size analysis. This study will bring an understanding of how emulsifiers behave in microgravity, bringing new information about how well food can be prepared and how it can be used in food production. The emulsifier can also be used in important things like health care. For example, it is used in applications such as creams, ointments, balms, pastes, and film. This can improve the skin and prevent it from dryness among other issues that the astronauts frequently have.
7. Glendora, California
Jump to Glendora’s Community Profile
SELECTED FOR FLIGHT:
Microgravity’s Effects on Artemia Salina Nauplii Development
Grade 10, Glendora High School, Glendora Unified School District
Principal Investigator: John Han
Collaborators: Chloe Shih, Joshua Kim, Mei Flock
Teacher Facilitator: Rana El Yousef
Glendora High Students working on their experiment hatching brine shrimp, creating the brine solution and assemble the apparatus for experimenting on Earth in comparison to microgravity.
Proposal Summary:
This investigation explores the effects of a microgravity environment on the development of brine shrimp, Artemia Salina, nauplii. Artemia Salina produces cysts that undergo cryptobiosis, remaining in a dormant state until environmental conditions are suitable for hatching, making this organism ideal for a controlled biological experiment aboard the ISS. By sending Artemia Salina cysts to space, this experiment aims to evaluate the extent of microgravity’s impact on this organism’s early-stage development, focusing on the occurrence and likelihood of potential developmental anomalies. Understanding Artemia Salina growth in space is crucial, as it serves as a model for studying biological challenges and differences organisms may face during spaceflight. Because mankind’s ambitions for long-term space missions necessitate sustainable biological systems for agriculture and aquaculture, any increase in birth defects or developmental delays would signal risks for potential organismic maturation in similar space environments – especially for Artemia Salina’s fellow brachiopods and aquatic life. Comparing the rate and types of birth defects with those seen in Earth-based controls will allow the analysis of specific developmental impacts of microgravity. Findings would advance scientific understanding of aquaculture and developmental biology in the context of space travel, contributing to the design of sustainable and practical life-support systems for long-term missions.
HONORABLE MENTION FINALISTS:
Variation in Regeneration of the Planarian: Evaluation of Dugesia Tigrina in a Microgravity Environment
Grade 10, Glendora High School, Glendora Unified School District
Co-Principal Investigators: Henry Kern, Daniel Wong, Luke Svoboda, Landon Stewart, Cole Ellis
Teacher Facilitator: Rana El Yousef
Proposal Summary:
Dugesia tigrina are a species of planarian flatworm with the capability of asexual reproduction and complete regeneration when split into multiple parts. They are an ideal model for studying regeneration as they can regenerate any missing body region due to a high concentration of stem cells. The goal of the experiment is to further the understanding of planarian regeneration, as truly understanding the regeneration of the planarian worm could provide valuable insights into stem cells and the prevention of cancer in humans. The experiment will place these brown planarians into a microgravity environment and record any differences in the regeneration of the worms in the different environments. This experiment will provide data that will help to further develop what is currently known about the planarian worm, and should provide valuable information that can relate back to human medicine and physiology as well.
Penicillium Growth
Grade 11, Glendora High School, Glendora Unified School District
Principal Investigator: Sandhiya Somasundaram
Investigator: Kylie Coleman
Collaborators: Ayva Cabuena, Madeline Castellanos
Teacher Facilitator: Rana El Yousef
Proposal Summary:
Penicillium, a fungi, contains penicillin, an antibiotic, which can be used to treat bacterial infections such as strep throat. The investigation being carried out is to examine the effects of zero gravity on the growth of penicillium mold. This investigation was chosen to see whether zero gravity can accelerate the growth of penicillium to harvest penicillin leading to potential medicinal breakthroughs. This experiment will be compared to the Earth-like conditions of growing penicillium. The objective of this experiment is to determine whether mold will grow faster under zero gravity conditions or Earth’s conditions. In this experiment, pressure, humidity, and gravitational force will be taken into account. The role of pressure in this experiment is to dry the spores to remove humidity from the tube to prevent possible premature growth. The role of the gravitational force, which has been previously addressed, is to discover whether gravitational force is a factor determining growth of penicillin mold.
7. Colorado Springs, Colorado
Jump to Colorado Springs’ Community Profile
SELECTED FOR FLIGHT:
Fungal Bioleaching in Microgravity: Fungal Approaches to Metal Recovery
Grade 14-16, University of Colorado Colorado Springs and Pikes Peak State College
Principal Investigator: Joseph Bate
Investigators: Tristan Dwyer, Cody Leeper, Evan Martin, William Shimel
Teacher Facilitator: Carol McClelland
Colorado Springs community students engaged in a lively discussion about fungal bioleaching in microgravity
Proposal Summary:
The proposed spaceflight experiment will investigate microgravity effects on the mycological processes of Bioleaching. Fungi are extremely versatile and resilient life-forms that are utilized in removing and recycling heavy metals from electronic components. These processes must be considered for use when designing off-world habitats as they can provide a means for recovering heavy metals for in situ resource utilization. This experiment will be conducted by hydrating freeze-dried Aspergillus niger spores suspended in a potato dextrose agar (PDA) compound allowing for the culture to germinate. A. niger will utilize PDA as an energy source allowing for the fungi to grow into a biomass. (nickel oxide) contained within calcium alginate gel will be introduced to the fungi. Through Bioleaching, the biofilm will act as a chelating agent, secreting citric and oxalic acid lowering the localized pH allowing for the dissolution of into nickel ions [2+]. The cell walls of A. niger contain negatively charged carboxyl and hydroxyl groups that will readily bind to the positively charged [2+] which will be sequestered within the fungi vacuoles. The purpose of this experiment is to investigate the efficiency of A. niger in Bioleaching under microgravity conditions comparative to Earth. By analyzing parameters such as [2+] concentration, acid production, fungal growth morphology, and [2+] adsorption onto fungal biomass, the experiment aims to determine how low-gravity conditions affect the fungus’s metal-leaching efficiency. An increase in [2+] adsorption is anticipated, which could further advance metal recovery techniques and support sustainable resource utilization in extraterrestrial environments.
HONORABLE MENTION FINALISTS:
The Effects of Microgravity on the Growth of Akkermansia Muciniphila
Grades 14-15, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs and Pikes Peak State College
Co-Principal Investigators: John Britton, Alex Cheshmedjiev, Reagan Otten, Sequan Valle, Lincoln Wieck
Teacher Facilitator: Dr. Lynnane George
Proposal Summary:
The objective of this experiment is to determine if the growth rate of a common probiotic known as Akkermansia muciniphila, when cultivated in microgravity, is comparable to its growth rate in controlled conditions on Earth, thus maintain sufficient nutritional value. A. muciniphila is an anaerobic mucin-degrading bacterium found in the intestinal microbiota. The human intestinal lining is composed of epithelial cells, which are covered in a mucus layer made of mucin protein. A. muciniphila feeds off the mucin, which encourages the epithelial cells to increase production, boosting gut health. A diverse gut microbiota is essential to the prevention of disease and maintenance of overall health. A. muciniphila has been linked to the prevention of metabolic and inflammatory disease. Growth will be measured by biomass accumulation, comparing samples cultivated in microgravity with an Earth-based control, to assess whether microgravity significantly impacts the bacterium’s viability and growth efficiency for potential supplementation. The bacterium will be in powdered form then mixed with a growth medium. After the test period, the A. muciniphila will be exposed to a fixative within the test tube in space and in the control to inhibit further growth and enable comparison. If the growth rate efficiency is sufficiently comparable and feasible to grow autonomously, A. muciniphila could be used as a supplement for astronauts aboard the International Space Station. The cultivation and administration of probiotics in space is essential to the advancement of space travel as it would support astronaut health during longer missions.
Duckweed (Wolffiella) Growth in Microgravity
Grades 13-16, University of Colorado Colorado Springs and Pikes Peak State College
Principal Investigator: Mario Flores
Investigators: Nicole Beitle, Jennifer Bishop, Dawson Rowbotham
Teacher Facilitator: Dr. Lynnane George
Proposal Summary:
The proposed flight experiment aims to investigate microgravity effects on duckweed (Wolffiella) growth in a controlled environment aboard the ISS. The primary objective of this experiment is to analyze and compare the size, structure, and physiological responses of duckweed under microgravity conditions. By observing these effects, the experiment seeks to determine whether duckweed can produce food, generate oxygen, and purify water in space. In the absence of gravitational pull, duckweed is expected to exhibit non-directional growth patterns, giving it the potential to grow in multiple directions rather than upward as on Earth. Duckweed’s natural ability to grow in dense colonies in still water [1] makes it ideally suited for this experiment. Its compact growth allows for efficient cultivation in small test tubes, which is compatible with the spatial limitations of the ISS experiment. This growth characteristic ensures an effective use of limited space and resources, aligning with the constraints of microgravity research. Additionally, duckweed has a beneficial impact on water quality. It aids in purifying water by absorbing harmful excess nutrients such as nitrogen, which are commonly introduced from agricultural runoff and wastewater discharge [2]. Furthermore, it absorbs metals, which can accumulate in aquatic environments [3]. By removing these pollutants, duckweed prevents harmful algal blooms and improves water quality [2]. Leveraging duckweed’s unique growth and water-purifying properties, this experiment has the potential to advance sustainable life-support solutions for space missions.
9. Hillsborough County, Florida
Jump to Hillsborough County’s Community Profile
SELECTED FOR FLIGHT:
Production of Mung Beans i.e., Vigna radiata in Microgravity
Grades 6-7, Randall Middle School, Hillsborough County Public Schools
Co-Principal Investigators: Platon Drozdov, Grayson Jones, Shravan Karthick
Teacher Facilitator: Dr. Lori Bradner
Grayson, Shravan, Planton are hard at work, pushing the boundaries of science with their Mung Bean trials. Together, they embody dedication, teamwork, and the spirit of discovery. Keep reaching for the stars!
Proposal Summary:
The purpose of this investigation is to explore the effect of a microgravity environment on the germination rates and growth development of Mung Bean (Vigna radiata) seeds and whether they are an efficient food source in space. Conducting this experiment in a microgravity environment and on Earth at the same time will help us observe and compare how many seeds germinated, the growth rate of germinated seeds and the root development of germinated seeds, as well as the nutritional value of the plant. This research is important because on long space missions, it is not feasible to take all the food from Earth, and growing crops in space reduces the need for resupply missions. Mung beans are especially well suited to being produced on the ISS because they have a short germination time of 4 to 5 days. Mung beans might be an incredibly beneficial plant to grow in space because they germinate and develop quickly, they are high in carbohydrates, protein, vitamins, antioxidants, and minerals, as well as having anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. Growing mung beans would ensure the health and well-being of astronauts. The investigation will use a mini lab with two clamps, with spring water in the first section, mung beans in the second section, and a fixative in the third section.
HONORABLE MENTION FINALISTS:
What are the effects of microgravity on Echinacea Purpurea?
Grades 6 and 8, Randall Middle School, Hillsborough County Public Schools
Principal Investigator: Nylan Coyle
Investigators: Mahajabian Maccammon-Castill, Nicklas Fulmer, Ishan Sharma
Teacher Facilitator: Dr. Lori Bradner
Proposal Summary:
This experiment aims to investigate how microgravity affects the germination rate of Echinacea purpurea, an important plant in biomedicine. Echinacea purpurea has been traditionally employed to treat symptoms of the common cold, but more recently has been investigated for additional medical purposes. Echinacea purpurea speeds the healing process from infectious diseases because of its ability to increase flow of white blood cells in the human body and accelerating recovery by enhancing immune response and activating free radical scavenging properties. Additionally, Echinacea purpurea contains multiple antibacterial phytochemicals, which can also support the immune system in fighting off infectious diseases and preventing harmful bacteria from harming people in space. Another important aspect of Echinacea purpurea to mention is its hypoglycemia treatment. A study conducted in 2011 – which used an extract prepared from Echinacea purpurea’s roots – concluded that Echinacea purpurea significantly decreases glycemia, which can aid humans who suffer from diabetes or low blood sugar while in space. A successful germination of Echinacea purpurea could lead to normalizing using this astonishing plant for numerous purposes in space, which could be extremely useful where there are limited resources. Should Echinacea purpurea be able to germinate properly in microgravity, it could serve as a natural health supplement for astronauts, reducing dependence on synthetic medications.
The Effects on the Biological Integrity of Glycine Max when Grown in Microgravity
Grade 7, Randall Middle School, Hillsborough County Public Schools
C0-Principal Investigators: Lilleigh Chapman, Aubrey Neufang
Teacher Facilitator: Dr. Lori Bradner
Proposal Summary:
The objective of this investigation is to experiment with Glycine max, otherwise known as yellow soybeans. It will investigate how the plant adapts to the specific circumstances and conditions of microgravity. Although the seeds of this plant are not safe to ingest raw, it will be rendered safe to consume after the plant has grown. Glycine max contains a wide range of nutritional properties including many vitamins, minerals and proteins. Due to the large number of nutritional benefits that Glycine max provides, it could be a great source of food for astronauts in space. In this investigation, Glycine max will be observed for how its biological integrity differs when the plant is grown on Earth compared to microgravity. There are many factors that are categorized under biological integrity such as the nutrition, growth rate, frequency of the germination, and the overall health of the plant during its growth. As this investigation is taking place in microgravity there will also be trials taking place on Earth, so the investigators can compare data once the plant returns from the International Space Station. This investigation will also determine if Glycine max can be grown in microgravity safely, and if so, it can be used for future purposes ordered by NASA to improve the health of the astronauts and the food supply in the International Space Station.
10. Pittsfield, Massachusetts
Jump to Pittsfield’s Community Profile
SELECTED FOR FLIGHT:
The Impact of Gravity on Cellular Metabolism in Escherichia coli
Grade 14, Berkshire Community College
Principal Investigator: Deaux Thibodeaux
Teacher Facilitators: Linden Crane and Colin Wilson
Proposal Summary:
This experiment aims to investigate how gravity affects cellular metabolism by examining the glucose fermentation efficiency of Escherichia coli (E. coli) under Earth’s gravity compared to microgravity conditions. Initiated after learning about the Student Spaceflight Experiment Program (SSEP) in 2023 and presented at two Massachusetts academic conferences in 2024, the experiment seeks to contribute to the understanding of metabolic processes in microgravity environments. Prior research indicates that microgravity can disrupt cellular function, with both astronauts and animal models exhibiting systemic cellular dysfunction linked to metabolic breakdown in space. However, metabolic processes appear to have been less extensively studied compared to other microgravity-related issues. Understanding microgravity’s impact on cellular metabolism may help advance astronaut focused healthcare, as metabolic dysfunctions in space can affect muscle, bone, cardiovascular health, and potentially other physiological systems. By assessing the glucose fermentation efficiency of E. coli in microgravity, this investigation may provide insights into how gravity influences cellular metabolic pathways. The findings could potentially contribute to furthering healthcare for individuals working in microgravity environments.
11. Albany, New York
Jump to Albany’s Community Profile
SELECTED FOR FLIGHT:
The Effect of Microgravity on Mentha piperita
Grade 8, William S. Hackett Middle School, Albany City School District
Co-Principal Investigators: Grace Fruehwirth, Naomi Richards, Simone Schou
Teacher Facilitator: Allison Sheehan
The team assembling their mini-lab for flight.
Proposal Summary:
This experiment aims to figure out how microgravity affects the growth of Mentha piperita. Mentha piperita (or mint) can be used in many different ways. Mentha piperita leaves can be a remedy for the common cold, and inflammation, can help heal the liver, and can also help disorders in the gastrointestinal tract like nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, cramps, flatulence, and dyspepsia. The hypothesis is that if Mentha piperita is sent to the ISS, the number of seed that will germinate in microgravity would increase compared to Earth. This experiment could be set on Earth and the ISS because it’s common knowledge that mint grows on Earth so we want to see if it adapts differently in microgravity.
HONORABLE MENTION FINALISTS:
The Effect of Microgravity on Bacterial Germination of Listeria monocytogenes on Pome Fruits
Grade 8, William S. Hackett Middle School, Albany City School District
Co-Principal Investigators: Arianna Dempsey, Natalie Platania, Pranisha Puri, Juilliene Uy
Teacher Facilitator: Craig Ascher
Proposal Summary:
This experiment aims to understand how microgravity affects the germination rate of Listeria monocytogenes on pome fruits (apples, specifically Red delicious). Apples are significantly beneficial. Providing vitamins, fiber and overall improved health. This experiment aims to determine if microgravity influences the acceleration of the bacterial contamination in pome fruits compared to normal gravity conditions. This experiment is important since it will enhance our understanding of food safety risks in space. Especially during long-duration space travel. This experiment offers insight into the behavior of harmful bacteria in space conditions. Pome fruits are fruits which contain a core and seeds that are commonly consumed and are more likely to be contaminated by bacteria, this is the reason the experiment is conducted on pome fruits. The experiment contributes to more efficient ways to slow Listeria growth. The experiment can help learn about the growth of the bacteria, Listeria monocytogenes. Listeria is a type of bacteria that mostly forms on fresh produce and it can survive in extreme conditions, which makes it difficult to eliminate. Learning how it behaves will benefit science itself. The hypothesis is that microgravity will affect the growth rate of Listeria in pome fruits. This experiment compares the growth rates of Listeria monocytogenes on sterilized fruit in space and on earth, demonstrating that microgravity significantly impacts bacterial growth and modifies the time needed for bacteria to develop on fresh produce.
The Impact of Microgravity on Epinephrine’s Chemical Composition
Grade 8, William S. Hackett Middle School, Albany City School District
Co-Principal Investigators: M.Danielle Abdul-Korah, Clara Baker, Caila Halladeen, Savanna Murphy
Teacher Facilitator: Allison Sheehan
Proposal Summary:
This proposal aims to examine the effects of microgravity on the chemical composition and effectiveness of epinephrine, a key treatment for anaphylactic allergic reactions. It is expected that epinephrine’s chemical composition may be altered and/or degraded due to being subjected to microgravity. Astronauts who have life-threatening allergies depend on its stability during extended flights. A degraded sample of epinephrine could be less effective and potentially risk the lives of astronauts who struggle with anaphylactic allergic reactions. For this reason, it is essential to execute this experiment to determine if epinephrine is usable in microgravity. Research suggests that “microgravity can change molecule stability and chemical reaction rates.” To determine the effect of microgravity on the epinephrine, a NanoRacks mini-lab will be loaded with 2 milliliters of epinephrine solution and simply stored on the ISS for the duration of the mission. After the mission, samples will be analyzed on Earth using pH tests, mass spectrometry, and high-pressure liquid chromatography. The pH of commercial epinephrine is formulated with a low pH because it degrades between a pH of 7.3 and 7.5. Therefore increases in pH will suggest the epinephrine will no longer be functional. Additional testing will determine changes to the chemical composition. It is assumed that any changes to the composition would cause the epinephrine to become ineffective. Knowing these effects will help with storage and use of epinephrine in microgravity environments like the ISS. By protecting the health and safety of astronauts on lengthy journeys, this research also advances the study of space medicine.
12. Long Beach, New York
Jump to Long Beach’s Community Profile
SELECTED FOR FLIGHT:
The Effect of Microgravity on the Germination of Microgreen Seeds
Grade 6, Long Beach Middle School, Long Beach Public Schools
Principal Investigator: James Quintanilla
Investigator: Kai Ortsman
Collaborators: Henry Chambers, Lucas Onufrock
Teacher Facilitators: Natasha Nurse, Cristie Tursi
Long Beach Middle School students doing preliminary observations for their microgreen design proposal.
Proposal Summary:
The group is researching “How does microgravity affect the germination of Microgreen Seeds?” This study is crucial for future space missions as microgreens are young plants harvested for their high nutritional value. They grow quickly, require minimal equipment, and provide concentrated nutrients vital for astronauts facing health challenges in microgravity, such as weakened immune systems and limited medical care. Fresh, nutrient-dense foods could be essential in supporting astronaut health during long missions.
In space, plant growth changes significantly due to microgravity. With very little gravity, water, air, and nutrients behave differently compared to Earth. For example, water does not “fall” through the soil, making it harder for plants to absorb water efficiently. Additionally, microgreens cannot easily sense up from down, which could result in longer stems and smaller roots, affecting their ability to access nutrients, store energy, and interact with beneficial bacteria. Understanding how microgreens grow in space is key to developing life support systems for long-duration missions. Fresh plants could provide astronauts with the necessary nutrition, oxygen, and moisture in the closed environments of spacecraft. Researching optimal conditions for microgreen growth can help design sustainable food production systems for missions to Mars, where resupplying food from Earth is challenging. Furthermore, microgreens may serve as a model for growing other nutrient-rich plants in space, offering health benefits beyond basic nutrition. By studying microgreens in microgravity, the team aims to create a reliable method for supporting astronaut health on extended journeys
HONORABLE MENTION FINALISTS:
How Does Microgravity Affect the Germination of Chia Seeds?
Grade 6, Long Beach Middle School, Long Beach Public Schools
Principal Investigator: Maverick Murphy
Investigator: William Gallinaro
Collaborators: Thomas Powers, Deklan Eidens, Cruz Asham
Teacher Facilitators: Elizabeth Chimienti, Cristie Tursi
Proposal Summary:
The question the team is testing is how does microgravity affect the germination of Chia seeds. This question is important because the group needs to find out how to give essential nutrients to astronauts on the ISS. Through the research the group learned about how the germination of chia seeds changes through microgravity. The group thinks this question is important because the group wants to learn more about how microgravity can affect the growth of plants and living things. The team is using a FME Lab Type 3 to conduct the experiment. In volume 1 the group is putting 2 mL of water. In volume 2, the group is putting 8 chia seeds and 2 cubic centimeters of rockwool. In volume 3 the group is putting 1 mL formalin. The astronauts will interact with the sample on A+2. Unclamp clamp A, then shake gently for 15 seconds to release the water into the seeds and rockwool. The next time the astronauts will interact with the sample on U-14. Unclamp clamp B, then shake gently for 15 seconds to release the formalin to stop the growth of the plants. The timeline was decided on A+2 and U-14 because the group wanted the plant to have time to grow. Chia seeds on average take 3 to 14 days to germinate.
The Effect of Microgravity on the Germination of Lemon Balm Seeds
Grade 6, Long Beach Middle School, Long Beach Public Schools
Principal Investigator: Alexandria Vietmeier
Investigator: Reagan Loftus
Collaborators: Sadie Ben, Amanda Melanson, Ashley Palacios, Scianna Geraghty
Teacher Facilitators: Regina Dean, Cristie Tursi
Proposal Summary:
The question the team is testing: How does microgravity affect the germination of lemon balm seeds? This question is important because, as space travel continues, lemon balm can be a useful resource. Through research, the team has discovered that space travel can have some effects on astronauts that lemon balm can help with. The team thinks this question is important because the group wants to find out if lemon balm can help people in space and if it can make space travel easier. The team is using FME Lab Type 3 to conduct the experiment. In Volume 1, the group will have 2 mL of water. In Volume 2, the group will have 2 mL of rockwool and 2 lemon balm seeds. In Volume 3, the group will have 2 mL of formalin. The astronauts will interact with the sample on A+2. The next time the astronauts will interact with the sample will be U-2. The timeline was decided on because it will be balanced out well, and the plant will receive everything evenly.
13. Athens, Ohio
Jump to Athens’ Community Profile
SELECTED FOR FLIGHT:
Effect of Microgravity on Growth of Watercress: a Promising Space Food
Undergraduate, Ohio University
Co-Principal Investigators: Lara Fogwell, Cat Gavin
Collaborator: Jake Magula
Teacher Facilitator: Remington Burwell
Ohio University Mission 19 team (Cat and Lara; left and right) prepare an experiment for a spaceflight trial on watercress seeds utilizing a clinostat in the Wyatt Lab.
Proposal Summary:
Duckweeds belong to the monocotyledon family Lemnaceae, a family of floating aquatic plants. One species in the Lemnaceae family, Lemna minor, is a relatively simple plant to cultivate due to its small size and rapid growth rate. Since duckweed is edible and fast growing, it is a promising potential food source for personnel in space travel. For the proposed experiment, three Fluids Mixing Enclosure (FME) Mini-laboratories, containing Lemna minor seeds, will be run simultaneously. They will be kept in different conditions: spaceflight, Earth gravity, and a clinostat, which simulates the effects of microgravity. The seeds in the FME Mini-labs will be germinated in water and later exposed to a fixative before leaving their respective experimental conditions. This allows for consistent growth periods and isolates the effect of growth conditions. Germination rates and starch content will be measured and compared between groups. This experiment will investigate the effects of spaceflight on Lemna minor’s germination and how this species can grow and adapt to microgravity in a limited, enclosed space. When exposed to microgravity conditions aboard the International Space Station as well as simulated microgravity conditions in a clinostat, Lemna minor is hypothesized to have germination success rates comparable to Earth gravity conditions. The growth rates of duckweed in spaceflight and simulated microgravity are expected to be higher than those observed in Earth gravity. Additionally, it is anticipated that the starch content of Lemna minor grown in spaceflight and simulated microgravity will increase compared to Lemna minor grown in Earth gravity.
HONORABLE MENTION FINALISTS:
Effect of Microgravity on Bacterial Resistance to Antibiotics and DNA Supercoiling
Undergraduate, Ohio University
Co-Principal Investigators: Michael Lane, Aaliyah Maynard, Victoria Palozzi
Teacher Facilitator: Samantha Fedoush
Proposal Summary:
Future long-term space missions could be affected by crew members getting bacterial infections, leading to the postponement of duties or even causing medical emergencies. Additionally, the effect of antibiotics on bacteria adapted to microgravity is not fully understood. The proposed experiment will determine how the antibiotic enoxacin affects the bacteria Bacillus subtilis when grown in microgravity. This experiment is unique because it will investigate the DNA supercoiling and gene expression of B. subtilis, which will be grown on Earth at 1g with and without enoxacin and grown in microgravity with and without enoxacin. To determine how microgravity affects the antibiotic resistance of B. subtilis, a spaceflight experiment is necessary. This will be conducted using three experimental objectives. Objective 1: Analysis of RNA gene expression of genes related to antibiotic resistance, virulence, and DNA supercoiling using RT-qPCR to investigate the potential reasons for bacterial resistance or susceptibility to antibiotics in microgravity. Objective 2: DNA supercoiling will be assayed to determine a potential correlation between supercoiling and enoxacin’s mechanism of action. Objective 3: Growth will be analyzed using serial dilutions and all data will undergo statistical analysis to determine the impact of microgravity on the antibiotic resistance of bacteria to antibiotics and DNA supercoiling. The experiment will use the bacteria Bacillus subtilis because it is a model organism and the antibiotic enoxacin because it has been shown to have altered effects in spaceflight on bacteria. This information could help humanity understand and prepare to fight disease while exploring outer space.
Adaptations and Relationship Between Mycorrhiza and Rhizobacteria Under Microgravity Conditions Abord the ISS
Undergraduate, Ohio University
Co-Principal Investigators: Colton Hamilton, Tristan Rieman, Nathan Smith
Teacher Facilitator: Ryan Steere
Proposal Summary:
Long-term space missions are on the horizon of space exploration, and the safety of astronauts and agricultural resources are of top priority. Microbial-fungal interactions are well described on Earth. However, it is not well known how bacteria and fungi are able to adapt to extreme conditions on the International Space Station. The proposed experiment seeks to expand the current knowledge about microbial interactions and adaptations on the ISS. Pseudomonas putida, a beneficial plant microbe, and Serendipita indica, a beneficial plant mycorrhiza, have been chosen as candidates for the proposed novel experiment. The spaceflight strains will be studied separately through antibiotic testing, physical examinations, and biochemical characterization techniques. The microbes will also be inoculated together to induce interactions of the fungi and bacteria on the ISS. The interaction will be analyzed using genomic sequencing and plated interactions to observe how adaptations and genetic mutations play a role in interspecies interactions. Genetic changes observed through sequencing will further enhance research of spaceflight-adapted organisms as beneficial plant microbes as well as our knowledge of antibiotic resistance. Understanding the adaptations that occur within microbes aboard the ISS is vital to astronaut health concerns and the future of regenerative agriculture for long-term space missions.
14. Pickerington, Ohio
Jump to Pickerington’s Community Profile
SELECTED FOR FLIGHT:
The Effect of Microgravity on Antibacterial Hand Sanitizer
Grade 6, Toll Gate Middle School, Pickerington Local School District
Co-Principal Investigators: Soliyanna Richards, Addalyn Bolon, Lia Knight
Teacher Facilitators: Kristie VanKannel, Anna Meyer
Soliyanna Richards, Addalyn Bolon and Lia Knight investigate how different amounts of antibacterial hand sanitizer kills E.Coli cells.
Proposal Summary:
The purpose of this experiment is to see if antibacterial hand sanitizer kills bacteria at the same rate it does on Earth. Scientists want to know if antibacterial products, like the ones we use at home, work the same way in space. Will they kill germs as well in microgravity? To find out, we’re going to send an experiment to the International Space Station (ISS). We will test 70% alcohol based antibacterial hand sanitizer such as Purell, to see if it can kill an E.Coli sample at the same rate on the ISS as on our Earth. We think that the antibacterial products might not work as well in microgravity. The lack of gravity might affect how the chemicals in the products work. If we find out that these products work well in space, it could help keep astronauts safe from germs and help with medical needs.
HONORABLE MENTION FINALISTS:
Growth of Cancer Cells in Microgravity by Observing HeLa (cancer) Cells
Grade 10, Pickerington High School Central, Pickerington Local School District
Principal Investigator: Aleena Frysinger
Teacher Facilitator: Shaya McClelland
Proposal Summary:
The question that the researchers strive to answer is, “What is the rate of growth of cancer cells in microgravity by observing HeLa (cancer) cells? ” The objective of this topic is to determine whether the rate of growth of cancer cells will change when in microgravity compared to on Earth. The researchers chose this experiment because this could help us to understand cancer more and see how it grows in space. If the results of the experiment show a different rate of growth of cancer cells, it can be useful information for the scientific community because this research could help future astronauts who may develop cancer while in space on long-duration space travel. This understanding could lead to better planning for treatment plans should this occur.
How is the Rate of Dialysis Diffusion Changed by Microgravity
Grades 10-12, Pickerington High School North, Pickerington Local School District
Co-Principal Investigators: Audrey Hughes, Kenadie Andrasic, Jay Walock
Teacher Facilitator: Adam Philpott
Proposal Summary:
More than 557,000 Americans are currently on dialysis because of kidney issues. The most common causes of these issues are diabetes, hypertension, and autoimmune or genetic conditions. It is also known that long-term space missions put astronauts at an incredibly high risk of kidney malfunction. However, it has not been established if microgravity will alter the rate of diffusion for solutes important in dialysis. By conducting this experiment, ways to keep astronauts safe on missions and advancements in nephrology treatments for those on Earth can be determined. Sending the Fluid Mixing Enclosure into space causes it to experience microgravity, investigating the diffusion that happens during dialysis. Whether this experiment shows that the rate of change is affected, and by how much it is affected, can help space health scientists in their efforts to make long-term space missions as safe and effective as possible. This research can also push forward nephrology on Earth, providing information about what can be achieved with dialysis.
15. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania – CCAC
Jump to Pittsburgh CCAC’s Community Profile
SELECTED FOR FLIGHT:
The Effects of Microgravity on the Quantitative Measurements of Calcite Crystals
Grade 13, Community College of Allegheny County
Co-Principal Investigators: Arianna Swearman, Ashley Pfeffercorn
Teacher Facilitator: John Float
Arianna (left) and Ashley (right) adding gelatin matrix to a mock mini-lab.
Proposal Summary:
Understanding the effects of microgravity within the human body is essential due to how the body responds in the absence of gravity. Calcite structures in the inner ear, formed from calcium carbonate, known as otoconia, help maintain balance by sending critical signals to the brain that control head and body movement. In microgravity, these structures can become disoriented, impairing an astronaut’s sense of balance and spatial awareness. Upon returning to normal gravity, the body gradually readjusts, but effects on balance and orientation may persist. This research seeks to reveal how extended space missions might impact astronauts’ ability to maintain posture, balance, and spatial orientation. As agencies prepare for prolonged missions to planets with varying gravitational forces and potentially hazardous environments. Understanding the role of otoconia within space could help counteract disorientation, reduce vertigo, and ensure astronaut safety on long-term missions where gravity and environmental stability is unstable. The primary goal is to explore the effects of microgravity on the human body, specifically focusing on the role of calcite crystals in the inner ear. While calcite is essential in human physiology, calcium carbonate also plays a significant role in ecosystems and scientific research. In fact, calcium carbonate is involved in various biological processes, and its behavior in microgravity could reveal crucial insights into how gravity influences life on Earth. By understanding how microgravity impacts these crystals, this research offers important insights into how gravity influences biological and environmental systems, yielding knowledge relevant for both space exploration and for life on Earth.
HONORABLE MENTION FINALISTS:
CRISPR/Cas9 Efficiency and Effectiveness in a Microgravity Environment
Grade 13, Community College of Allegheny County
Co-Principal Investigators: Arianna Swearman, Ashley Pfeffercorn
Teacher Facilitator: Francis Cartieri
Proposal Summary:
Recent advances in genetic editing, especially Crispr-Cas9, have opened new frontiers in treating genetic diseases, with research indicating potential success in conditions like muscular atrophy. Muscular atrophy is a major point of concern for astronauts on the ISS and for future longer-term space travel, such as Lunar and Mars missions. Most studies have been conducted under standard Earth conditions; the outcomes of these experiments are unknown in a microgravity environment. As human space exploration becomes more ambitious, understanding how external environmental factors like microgravity affect genetic engineering is crucial. Our experiment aims to explore the impact of microgravity on Crispr-Cas9 gene-editing efficacy and efficiency. Specifically, we will use Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog), a model organism, to introduce a bioluminescent gene using Crispr-Cas9 technology. These cells are available on campus due to the success of CCAC’s SSEP Mission 17 experiment, which preserved several cell vials and media volumes for long term storage. By comparing bioluminescence expression between cells edited in microgravity aboard the ISS and cells edited on Earth, we hope to understand how microgravity affects gene-editing outcomes. The bioluminescence marker will provide a visual and quantitative indicator of successful gene integration, allowing us to draw meaningful conclusions about the efficacy and stability of genetic edits in space. This research could pave the way for safer and more effective gene therapies for astronauts, addressing potential risks associated with long-duration space travel. Additionally, the findings may contribute to our broader understanding of how environmental conditions influence genetic stability, with implications for future genetic research and therapy development.
Will Microgravity Affect the Growth of Mushroom Mycelium?
Grade 13, Community College of Allegheny County
Co-Principal Investigators: Arianna Swearman, Ashley Pfeffercorn
Teacher Facilitator: Francis Cartieri
Proposal Summary:
Mushroom mycelium, the vegetative stage of fungi, is fundamental in ecosystems due to its roles in nutrient cycling, soil formation, and plant symbiosis. It also holds potential for biotechnological applications such as bioremediation, waste decomposition, sustainable construction materials, and as a protein-rich food source. This experiment investigates whether microgravity affects mushroom mycelium growth, structure, and functionality. Understanding how the absence of gravitational force influences mycelium can pave the way for novel space biomanufacturing methods, sustainable resource development in extraterrestrial environments, and improved life-support systems on long-term space missions. Research on biological growth in space has primarily focused on plant and animal cells. However, recent studies have turned to fungi due to their unique resilience in extreme environments. For instance, a 2019 NASA experiment on Aspergillus nidulans revealed altered growth patterns and gene expression in microgravity. While specific data on mushroom mycelium are scarce, early findings suggest that microgravity could change the structure and density of mycelial networks. This experiment will enhance our understanding of mycelium’s response to microgravity and explore potential applications for sustainable building materials and food sources in space.
16. Plano, Texas
Jump to Plano’s Community Profile
SELECTED FOR FLIGHT:
Capillary Action within Crassula ovata (jade plant) Leaf Cells in Microgravity
Grades 10 and 12, Plano ISD Academy High School, Plano Independent School District
Co-Principal Investigators: Adeena Nasir, Camille Juliet Hatfield
Teacher Facilitator: Gwen Thomas
Nasir and Hatfield testing capillary action in Crassula ovata.
Proposal Summary:
Water is essential for all known life, and its properties can be significantly altered under microgravity. This investigation will explore how microgravity affects capillary action, a critical process for water transport in plant structures. While capillary action has been studied in space, its role in plant cell function under microgravity remains mostly unexplored. To test this, a cutting of a succulent plant will be placed between dyed water and ethanol concentration, so that when the experiment is in progress the results/ the distance the water travels can be measured. The ethanol is used to preserve the results of the experiment for observation. Understanding how this process behaves in space is vital to determining whether plants can grow and receive water efficiently in long-duration space missions. This investigation aims to provide insights into whether current Earth-based expectations for water usage in space agriculture need to be adjusted to ensure successful crop growth, and hopefully serve the decision process needed when trying to achieve NASA’s long-term goal of starting a colony in space.
HONORABLE MENTION FINALISTS:
Microgravity’s Effect on Lignin
Grade 9, Plano ISD Academy High School, Plano Independent School District
Principal Investigator: Aiyana Xiong
Teacher Facilitator: Gwen Thomas
Proposal Summary:
Plant sustainability in space is important because astronauts’ prepackaged foods aren’t always reliable as their quality and nutrition degrade after long-term storage. Space farming, the better alternative, allows astronauts to get a long-term, fresh, and nutritious food supply, but space farming relies heavily on plant sustainability. Lignin is a complex polymer that consists of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and many propylphenol units. Lignin is one of the main components of plants since lignin is found in the cells, cell walls, and between the cells of all vascular plants and gives plants rigidity and structure. This investigation will relate lignin to plant sustainability by addressing the question “How can we manipulate lignin to sustain plants in outer space longer?” It is understandable for this experiment to be conducted in microgravity because, as the question and current scientific understanding suggest, the goal of this experiment is to further the research of plant sustainability in space. If lignin were to go into outer space and be affected by the microgravity around it, the assumption would be that plants in outer space would also be affected by this change, as lignin is one of the main components of plants. This experiment can add to the current scientific understanding of space farming by providing more information on the way components in plants handle microgravity, and if scientists use this information to genetically engineer plants with a certain amount of lignin, this experiment will also provide sustainable, genetically engineered plants to be farmed in space with.
17. San Antonio, Texas
Jump to San Antonio’s Community Profile
SELECTED FOR FLIGHT:
Microgravity Effect on the Corrosion Rates of Iron and Aluminum
Grade 8, Space and Engineering Technologies Academy, North East Independent School District
Principal Investigator: Hazelrose Fullylove
Investigators: Isabelle Mora, Kinley Mosley, Luna Yamaguchi
Teacher Facilitator: Austin Hardy
SETA SSEP team finalizing measurements and preparing a salt solution for their experiment investigating corrosion in microgravity.
Proposal Summary:
This project will test the corrosion rates of iron and aluminum in microgravity. This project will be able to show the rates at which iron and aluminum corrode in microgravity. This will help choose which metals should be used in microgravity, or in later settlements in space because it provides insight on how quickly or slowly the metal will corrode in these types of environments. This will be helpful in future settlements in space as with the knowledge of the metals corrosion rates and their properties, people can make better decisions on their choice of metal when designing structures for these settlements. This will prevent their buildings, tools, and other structures built not to corrode and fall apart. This project will help as without this knowledge people may design and build things unaware of their properties in their environment, possibly causing trouble in construction or after it has been constructed and it starts to fall apart which could cause multiple problems. The hypothesis is that corrosion will accelerate in microgravity.
HONORABLE MENTION FINALISTS:
Microgravity’s Effect on the Growth of Salt Crystals
Grade 8, Space and Engineering Technologies Academy, North East Independent School District
Principal Investigator: Juliana Acosta
Investigators: Sara Herrera, Ava Norton
Teacher Facilitator: Austin Hardy
Proposal Summary:
Salt crystals have many benefits to the human body. When in space, the benefits that salt crystals provide can help possible space colonists in the future. Being able to grow salt crystals in microgravity will allow for people in space to use the benefits they provide. This experiment will test the effect that microgravity has on the growth of salt crystals. When the experiment is on the International Space Station it will only face one human interaction. The proposed salt crystal experiment will also be conducted on Earth (this is better known as the controlled experiment) to observe the differences between both experiments when the salt crystals return. Both the proposed experiment and the controlled experiment will be analyzed to create a conclusion to answer the question, “How does microgravity affect the growth of salt crystals?” The purpose of this experiment is to provide scientists with answers so that they may determine whether or not salt crystals and the benefits they provide can be used to help future space colonists.
Lactase vs. Microgravity
Grade 9, Space and Engineering Technologies Academy, North East Independent School District
Co-Principal Investigators: Allen Agold, Leo Bacigolupo
Investigators: Nathan Chin, Puneeth Prem Kumar, Ralph Lawrence Apalisoc
Teacher Facilitator: Christopher Wilson
Proposal Summary:
The team wants to investigate the behavior of lactase in microgravity. The lab this team will be using is the Type 3 FME Mini-Lab. Scientists need to conduct experiments to explore how lactase functions in space environments. Lactase is an essential enzyme for breaking down lactose, a sugar in milk and dairy products. Understanding how lactase operates in space is crucial for potential long-duration missions where astronauts may rely on dairy products for nutrition. One of the challenges of this experiment is the absence of airflow in the space environment. However, the team hopes that by creating a controlled environment in the test tube while still on Earth, they can observe how lactase interacts with lactose in a microgravity environment. Lactase is a complex enzyme that plays a crucial role in the digestion of lactose, and understanding its behavior in space is essential for future space missions where dietary requirements are critical. The team aims to assess how lactase functions in microgravity and whether the absence of gravity affects its efficiency in breaking down lactose. Three of the most important aspects to test are the effectiveness of lactase, its stability, and its reaction time. The participants plan to introduce lactose and lactase into separate sections of the test tube, separated by a clamp. They will then observe the interaction of lactase with lactose in microgravity and assess its effectiveness in breaking down lactose. The team’s objective is to gain insights into how lactase behaves in microgravity, which could have implications for dietary considerations in space exploration.
18. Texarkana, Texas
Jump to Texarkana’s Community Profile
SELECTED FOR FLIGHT:
Can Mold Grow in Microgravity?
Grade 7, Texas Middle School, Texarkana Independent School District
Co-Principal Investigators: Rhett Simpson, Sam McGinnis
Investigator: James Williams
Collaborator: Logan Morris
Teacher Facilitator: Melissa Smithson
Student researchers conducting a trial run of their mold experiment, testing how bread and water can grow mold over time.
Proposal Summary:
The question is, “Can Mold Grow in Microgravity?” Mold is important because it can be turned into penicillin, a common medicine for practically anything. Foods such as bread grow mold rather quickly. If astronauts can turn mold into medicine it could help further space safety. The investigation will hopefully grow mold spores on the bread. A mold spore is needed to produce mold. First, a piece of fresh bread will be put into the Type 2 FME Mini-Lab tube. Water will also be placed in the tube on the other side of a clamp. Once the clamp is released, water will get on the bread to promote mold growth. If the mold can be grown, this may determine if other types of mold can be grown in space that can be used for many beneficial reasons. Certain types of mold, such as penicillin, can be used to make antibiotic medicine. If penicillin can be made in space, astronauts and future space colonists can treat infections caused by common Earthly bacteria. This is why people need to know if mold can be grown in microgravity.
HONORABLE MENTION FINALISTS:
Will Salt Enhance the Binding Properties of a Combination of Water and Loam Soil in Microgravity?
Grade 6, Texas Middle School, Texarkana Independent School District
Principal Investigator: Isaac Lynn Steele
Investigator: Kora Ann Spangler
Collaborator: Rookie Fallon Wages
Teacher Facilitator: Jean Matlock
Proposal Summary:
Our team has chosen to send salt (NaCl), water (H20), and loam soil(Miracle-Gro Garden Soil All-Purpose) to the International Space Station (ISS) to see if salt will enhance the binding properties of mud more or less. If the salt were to enhance the binding properties of a combination of loam soil and water then we would be able to know if mud is stronger in microgravity with the enhancement of salt. We chose these materials so we could know how much stronger or weaker the mud would be in microgravity. Salt is commonly used in mud to increase the durability and strength of the mud so that we can make stronger building materials. We chose to do the experiment to improve the knowledge of living in microgravity.
Does Rhizobacteria Help Plants Grow in Space?
Grade 6, Texas Middle School, Texarkana Independent School District
Co-Principal Investigators: Preston Whiseant, Jodie Aubrey
Investigators: Myles Woods, Harrison Stanford
Teacher Facilitator: Ashley Walker
Proposal Summary:
In this investigation, we will see if Rhizobacteria will help plants grow in space. Our investigation will seek to find what effect Rhizobacteria will have on plants in space. Rhizobacteria is a bacteria that grows naturally near the root environment and interacts with the root of the plant. It can do 3 things for plants, promote plant growth, stimulate root formation, and help prevent disease. Rhizobacteria is important for this experiment to see if it can help plants grow or even speed up the plant growth process on Earth vs space. If Rhizobacteria will work in space it could mean plant growth and food production beyond Earth could be more easily attainable. Once in space, Rhizobacteria will most likely react differently to microgravity. One of the questions to be discovered is to answer how microgravity affects Rhizobacteria. Will it speed up plant growth or slow it down? As space exploration is getting longer and more advanced it would be great for scientists to have a way to grow their own food on the space stations. This would allow the crew to not have to solely rely on prepackaged foods which have a limited shelf life. Rhizobacteria could also be valuable if the space gardens stopped working then we would use the Rhizobacteria on the plants that are already growing and add it to new plants to promote growth as well. If all of this is successful it would make plant growth for food production much more feasible in beyond Earth environments.
19. Waxahachie, Texas
Jump to Waxahachie’s Community Profile
SELECTED FOR FLIGHT:
Growing Strawberries in Microgravity
Grade 6, Eddie Finley Junior High School, Waxahachie Independent School District
Co-Principal Investigators: Lucas Brooks, Kellan Johnston, Raegan Trice, Dakota Weir
Teacher Facilitator: Ashley Dawson
Students preparing FME tubes to test strawberry germination.
Proposal Summary:
This investigation will explore strawberry seed growth in microgravity for a period of time. We think it would be helpful to grow strawberries in microgravity. One benefit is growing strawberries in space, and it has vitamins, like vitamin C, which can help you grow stronger and recover faster. It’s also a good source of food. Another benefit is growing strawberries can help the air in the space shuttle. We would like to use an FME 3 tube and put soil and strawberry seeds in the middle for the main experiment, Tur organic fertilizer, and water to help the strawberry seeds grow. We think if we could test if strawberries can grow in microgravity, then it would help a lot of food problems. One way it could help is that strawberries can give us nutrients and vitamins.
HONORABLE MENTION FINALISTS:
Banana Seeds in Space
Grade 6, Robbie E. Howard Junior High, Waxahachie Independent School District
Co-Principal Investigators: Paulina Majalca, Fausto Martinez, Logan Statham, Sean Suckow
Teacher Facilitator: Kristi Holland
Proposal Summary:
This team has concluded that for the experiment for the Student Spaceflight Experiments Program, they will find out if banana seeds can sprout in space with the gravity switch essentially being turned off. This project dives into banana growth and how it will be possible in space. From their research, bananas are one of the longest growing plants which means that if a banana seed can sprout, then there is a higher chance that other seeds could sprout. Astronauts could enjoy a lightweight snack that is filled with nutrients and is easy to prepare in the challenging environment of space. This is important for future space exploration because then astronauts could survive in space for longer without having to come back down. This project is going to send a banana seed in space with the essential resources to survive including water and oxygen. It will be using an FME-3 type tube and banana seeds and refrigeration to keep the seed cool and dormant until it gets to the International Space Station for testing. The investigation can help out future space exploration by seeing if banana seeds or possibly other plant seed life can grow and survive in microgravity.
Bee Growth In Microgravity
Grade 6, Robbie E. Howard Junior High, Waxahachie Independent School District
Co-Principal Investigators: Brody Barnes, Mitchell Colvard, Graham Hayslip, Luke Wherry
Teacher Facilitator: Kristi Holland
Proposal Summary:
The results of Apis mellifera in microgravity could be very detrimental in the near future. The purpose of this experiment is to see if bee growth is affected by microgravity hence seeing if bee pollination is possible in space. If the growth of Apis mellifera is positive, this will help with pollination on another planet if needed in the future. If the experiment is successful, bee pollination and bee growth will be an option for colonizing other planets. Apis mellifera pollinate foods that we eat, and if we don’t have Apis mellifera, the current ecosystem will fall apart. If Apis mellifera grows slower in microgravity, they would live a longer time, so they are pollinating more needed crops and plants, resulting in that we don’t run out of food! And obviously, we need food to survive. Not only would they pollinate food for us, they would also pollinate food for the world and its wildlife of it. The world needs all this to happen because the Earth is kind of low on food. That is why we could try to send honeybees, or honey bee eggs up there to see how microgravity would affect their growth and their ability to fly.
20. iForward-Grantsburg, Wisconsin
Jump to iForward-Grantsburg’s Community Profile
SELECTED FOR FLIGHT:
Sunflower Seeds in Microgravity: This Study will Determine if Sunflower Seeds can Germinate in Microgravity and if it can Affect their Health Benefits.
Grade 7, iForward Public Online Charter School, Grantsburg, Wisconsin School District
Co-Principal Investigators: Summer Heiman, D’Vontae Jackson, Wyatt Kincaid, Neveah Mashak, Audrey Stillman, Camren Summers, Lilyona Wallberg
Teacher Facilitator: Ashley Albrecht
Students whose experiment was selected for Mission 19 displaying their FME tubes after initial preparation.
Proposal Summary:
The group’s essential question is “Will sunflower seeds correctly germinate in microgravity?”. The group will use a type 3 FME tube and 3 sunflower seeds for the procedure, put ½ tablespoon of water and 1½ tablespoons of dirt, and have the third chamber contain 2.5mL of formalin. The reason this is getting tested is so astronauts have another beneficial and substantial source of vitamins for space travel. To tell the difference, the group will compare the sunflower grown in microgravity to the one grown on Earth. This will tell The group if microgravity plays a role in the germination process of sunflower seeds or if microgravity does not. Sunflower seeds give many benefits, such as Vitamin E, and B Vitamins, and nutrients that can help fight cancer. With all of these substantial benefits of sunflower seeds, and healthy fats, this can be a considerable source of all these nutrients for astronauts and future space. cite. This study’s main experiment is to see if sunflowers germinate. This study hopes that the experiment will be successful because sunflowers give astronauts vitamin E and Vitamin B which is important for astronauts’ health and well-being. This experiment uses a type 3 FME tube and 3 sunflower seeds for the procedure, and ½ tablespoon of water, 1½ tablespoons of dirt, and 2.5 mL of formalin.
HONORABLE MENTION FINALISTS:
Crab Apple Seed Germination and Growth in Microgravity
Grade 9, iForward Public Online Charter School, Grantsburg, Wisconsin School District
Co-Principal Investigators: Maximus Brooks, Arianna Lange, Ryan Matlock, Lennon Sabol
Teacher Facilitator: Laura Kavajecz
Proposal Summary:
For our experiment in our SSEP-Student spaceflight class, we will be conducting an experiment that will be sent to the International Space Station (ISS). Conducting this experiment will help us with our essential question of what happens if you germinate apple seeds in microgravity. We will be testing germination in space and on Earth using crab apple seeds, we are going to be using crab apple seeds for germination because they are small making them easily fit in the FME tube, and apples, in general, are commonly used food/plant. Conducting this project we will be using a three-chamber FME tube with chamber A having 2 oz of water, chamber B having 6 crab apple seeds, and chamber C having 2 oz of formalin, the water and apple seeds are the part that starts the experiment and the formalin stops the experiment, and then put in a metal cardboard box to be shipped to the ISS. For the Earth part of the project, we will use another 6 crab apple seeds but put them on a damp paper towel in the dark and let sit. Well writing this we believe the Earth sample will have more growth than the space one because we know more about plant growth on Earth than we do in space. Doing this project will be beneficial because it will give us better insight into microgravity germination, which will help us make space germination better and more useful in the future.
Sprout Length of Wheat Seeds
Grade 5, iForward Public Online Charter School, Grantsburg, Wisconsin School District
Co-Principal Investigators: Sydney Berkley, Adonai Boyd, Radi Doerr, Alana James, Sylas Kok, Alexander Motiff, Mack Randall, Isis Rentmeester, Amelia Spence
Teacher Facilitator: Larissa Goebel
Proposal Summary:
We hope to compare the sprout length of wheat seeds on Earth and in microgravity. Wheat is one of the world’s oldest and most essential cereal crops that has been cultivated for thousands of years. Our hypothesis is that microgravity will have a negative impact on the sprout length of wheat seeds. For this experiment proposal, we will use a Type 3 FME tube. There will be 2-3 wheat seeds and 1 ounce of soil in chamber 1. There will be 1 milliliter of water in chamber 2. There will be 1 milliliter of Buffered formalin in chamber 3. The germination of the wheat seeds will be effected because of microgravity.